ITALY

2 April 1860 – The first Italian Parliament met at Turin. Italy was unified. The Rothschild banking empire bankrolled Italy’s independence. (internet).

October 1944 – March 1945 – The Nazis were facing defeat in Europe as the Allies pushed towards victory. Angleton was transferred to Rome Italy as the commanding officer off special counter intelligence unit 2. A detachment of US and UK personell,

 activated towards the end of the war to arrest enemy agents. In March 1945 he was promoted to first lieutenant and made chief of X-2 for all of Italy. At age 27 he was the youngest X-2 branch chief in all of OSS. He was the only American in Italy cleared to share the intelligence secrets of the top secret Ultra. Allied victory in Europe in May 1945.

November 1945 – With 1,771,000 members in Italy by the end of 1945, the Communist party was the largest political party in Italy. (Cold war ©1993 M Walker).

19 December 1947 – One of the first directives passed was NSC 4/A ordered Admiral Roscoe Hillenkoeter, the new director of the CIA to use covert methods to prevent a Communist victory in Italy. The elections of 1948 were a target with propaganda, secret payments and training equipment. (Cold war ©1993 M Walker).

1961 – The Fiat cars were called Zhigulis in Russia and Ladas when they went for export. Rolling out of a factory called Togliatti in Italy. A KGB correspondent in Rome Vladimir Volodya Yermakov of Pravda. A KGB journalist Valya Kovanoiv in Italy. Leonid Sergeyevich Kolosov was a KGB agent in Rome in the mid 1960’s. The KGB was directing movimento sociale hiliano MSI and Enrico Berlinguer of the Italian Communist party. (Under cover lives ©1998 H Womack).

1962-66 – A deal between Italy and the Soviet Union whereby Fiat helped them build a giant car factory on the river Volga at a place called Togliatti, after the Italian Communist party leader Palmiro Togliatti.  In 1962 Mario Alicata was editor of the Communist newspaper Unita. In 1963 the left was led by Enrico Berlinguer who seized power in Italy. The US had military bases in Italy. Building an auto plant to produce cheap cars for the Soviet market. Fiat was the Soviet governments partner. In spring 1966 a study of Fiat by Soviet journalist Marietta Shaginyan .Villorio Valetta was general director of Fiat in Italy. A general strike was held. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

October 1962 – The death of Enrico Mattei the president of the National oil company Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi ENI in Sicily Italy. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

October 1962 – At the beginning of the 1960’s countries benefiting from the Marshall plan were banned from supplying certain goods to the Soviet Union. Drilling equipment for oil and gas, and pipes to carry fuel. Enrico Mattei supplied pipes in exchange for Soviet gas. He had plans to supply the Soviet Union with more equipment in exchange for Soviet oil. In 1967 a journalist from local paper Ora said Mauro de Mauro was investigating the murder of the Italian king of oil. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

July 1964 – 76 – Prosecutor general Villorio Occorsio said the there was a plot code named Piano Solo, to seize power in Italy. Many people who knew about Piano Solo died unnatural deaths. Found shot or were involved in suspicious car accidents. Occorsio was murdered in 1976. Nicola Gentile died in December 1964 of a heart attack in Sicily. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

23 July 1968 – El Al airliner from Rome to Tel Aviv was hijacked to Algiers. The hostages were held for five weeks then released in return for two Palestinians, one Syrian hijacker and 16 prisoners.

29 August 1969 – TWA flight 840 from Rome to Athens was hijacked to Damascus it was destroyed after the hostages were freed. Injuries unknown.

August 1972 – El Al Rome baggage car bomb.

16 August 1972 – El Al flight Rome to Tel Aviv bomb in luggage compartment. Two suspects were arrested in Rome then freed.

4 April 1973 – Attack on an El Al plane at Rome was foiled. Two people were arrested and deported to Lebanon.

27 April 1973 – A civilian clerk was murdered at an El Al desk at Rome airport by Palestinians.

17 June 1973 – A car bomb exploded near Rome El Al desk. Two Arabs were injured and freed without trial.

5 September 1973 – A planned missile attack at Rome airport was foiled. Five Palestinians were arrested. Two were released on bail with no show for trial.

17 December 1973 – Rome airport attack and hijacking. Five attackers hit a Pan Am 707 with grenades. They herded five Italian hostages into a Lufthansa airliner and killed an Italian customs agent, then forced the plane to fly to Beirut.

17 December 1973 – Attack and hijack at Rome airport. Five terrorists pulled weapons from their luggage in the terminal building, killing two people. Then they attacked a Pan Am 707 bound for Beirut and Tehran, destroying it with grenades and killing 29 people, including four senior Moroccan officials and 14 American employees of Aramco. Then they herded five Italian hostages into a Lufthansa airliner and killed an Italian customs agent as he tried to escape. Then they forced the pilot to fly to Beirut. No group claimed responsibility.

1976 – Soviet defector Golitsyn’s daughter died of a drug overdose in Italy.

1978 – The Italian red brigades kidnapped and murdered the former Italian PM Aldo Moro. Their financial manager was Giuseppe Alessandrini, a businessman. Nicola Gentile was a mafia KGB in Italy who had lived in the US. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

16 March 1978 – Kidnapping of Italian PM Aldo Moro. He was seized by the red brigade and assassinated 55 days later. Two people were killed.

1981 – The terror network. The secret war of international terrorism. Claire Sterling. London UK Weidenfeld and Nicolson.

Summer 1981 – Pope John Paul assassination attempt. One person was wounded.

24 February 1981 – A machine gun attack in Italy wounded five people.

13 May 1981 – An agent named Mehmet Ali Agca, a young Turk, who may have plotted to kill Walesa in a january 1981 visit to Rome. He did shoot and almost kill the Pope in St Peters square on 13 May 1981. Agca had ties to the Bulgarian intelligence. The Bulgarians needed Moscows approval. (Cold war ©2005 Gaddis).

1982 – Italian red brigade terrorists kidnapped US Army Brigadier General James Dozier. The Italians rescued him. (Americas wars ©2003 P Huchthausen).

1984 – Assassination in Rome of Leamon Hunt Un DG.

25 October 1984 – A diplomat from the UAE was assassinated in Rome.

1985-91 – A mafia drug war this time claimed the lives of about 600 people. Giovanni Tegano a senior mafia in Reggio Calabria was a key participant. (Econ 5/8/10/54, internet).

Late 1985 – Max Rabb was the US ambassador to Italy. The capture of the Achille Lauro terrorists. (Inside the NSC ©1988 C Menges).

7 October 1985 – Achille Lauro hijacking. Four Palestinian liberation front terrorists seized the Italian cruise liner in the eastern Mediterranean sea. They took more than 700 hostages. One US passenger was killed before the Egyptian government offered the terrorists safe haven in return for the hostages freedom. One person was killed and three others wounded. The CIA linked these terrorist acts to Libya.

27 December 1985 – Airports in Rome and Vienna were attacked. Five Americans were among those who died. The CIA linked these terrorist acts to Libya. (Americas wars ©2003 P Huchthausen)

27 December 1985 – Airport attacks in Rome and Vienna. Four gunmen belonging to the Abu Nidal organisation attacked the El Al and TWA ticket counters at Rome’s Leonardo da Vinci airport with grenades and automatic rifles. Thirteen people were killed and 75 wounded before Italian police and Israeli security guards killed three of the gunmen and captured the fourth. Rome airport bomb.

27 December 1985 – Assailants open fire with automatic weapons and throw grenades at the check in counters of USD airliner TWA and Israeli carrier El Al at Fiumicino international airport in Rome killing 16 and injuring 80.

27 December 1985 – Two terrorist groups with automatic weapons and hand grenades attacked civilian airports in Rome and Vienna. 132 people were killed and wounded including 7 Americans. (Inside the NSC ©1988 C Menges).

January 1986 – Italy banned further arms sales to Libya. (Americas wars ©2003 Huchthausen).

10 February 1986 The largest mafia trial in history with 474 defendants opened in Palermo Italy. (HN 2/10/97 internet).

2 April 1986 – Two US passengers aboard a TWA Boeing 727 from Rome to Athens were killed, by the explosion of a bomb placed under a seat. Nine others were injured.

8 April 1986 – An explosion aboard a TWA flight from Rome was caused by a terrorist bomb. Four Americans were killed and Libya was implicated. (Americas wars ©2003 Huchthausen).

14 April 1988 – Naples USO attack. The organisation of Jihad brigades exploded a car bomb outside a USO club in Naples Italy killing one US sailor.

Late 1989 – BNL officials met with US ambassador to Italy regarding the BNL scandal.

19 July 1992 – Paolo Dorsellino, an  Italian anti-mafia judge, was murdered by the mafia. (MC 7/19/02 internet).

1998-99 – Defendants in the 1999 trial in Cairo, against the Islamic Jihad Egyptian terror group, provided insights into the Arab Afghan network in Albania. Most of them were employed by Islamic charities in Tirana. Shawki Salama Mustafa the Egyptian that headed al-Qaeda’s Albanian cell ran a racket in Tirana forging identities, passports and birth certificates, which he leaned in 1994 in Sudan. A forging business. Ahmed Ibrahim al-Sayed al-Naggar the Jihad member who was tied to bin Laden in Albania. Smuggling arms and drugs into Europe. They established business ventures with the Italian mafia, which took responsibility for sale and distribution of drugs. Albania became a transhipment point in the drug trade from Afghanistan to Europe.

To be continued …